(June 2010) Opening Africa: The Life of James Martin—from finding Obama’s tribe to founding Nairobi
Philo and M.J. Pullicino
MPI Publishing, Great Britain, 2008
Bob Gribbin
This is
kind of an odd but nonetheless interesting little book. Philo Pullicino, a
Maltese national who served during the pre-independence and early independence
years in the British colonial service in Zanzibar and Uganda, wrote the
original manuscript some years ago.
Pullicino went on to a distinguished career
as an international civil servant and Maltese diplomat. He wrote this
reflection about a fellow Maltese after his retirement. Philo’s manuscript was
revised and edited by his son after his father’s death. Obviously, the
references to Obama—including that in the title—were added to enhance the
attractiveness of the work.
The story
is an intriguing one. It traces the life of James Martin, a Maltese seaman, who
landed in Zanzibar in the 1870s. Although illiterate, Martin mastered languages
easily and possessed an even-natured temperament. Although not being “pure”
European and thus sort of a second-class subject, he began to make his mark in
East Africa as a caravan organizer. He began trekking with James Thompson in
the 1880s and with him opened a new overland route through Maasai, Kikuyu and
Kalenjin lands (present day Kenya) to Lake Victoria.
It was on this first
safari that Thompson and Martin (dubbed Martini by his Swahili porters)
encountered Luo tribesmen (Obama’s tribe) near Lake Victoria. Subsequently over
the next twenty years, Martin was to organize and lead perhaps a hundred
trading and supply safaris to Uganda from the coast. Indeed, he was probably
the most experienced man ever in that regard.
Naturally,
Martin was employed by the railroad to prepare construction depots as the enterprise
moved up country. Reportedly it was Martin who selected the site and built the
first camp that became Nairobi. Later Martin signed on with the Imperial
British East Africa Company and the colonial service. He was the District
Officer at Eldama Ravine for some years; then was posted to Entebbe.
After the
Great War, in which he served, he found East Africa changed with little place
for an illiterate Maltese, no matter how competent. Thus he retired to
Portugal, his wife’s home and disappeared from the pages of history.
Author
Pullicino, who also served in Entebbe years later, was intrigued by the
snippets of tales about his fellow countryman. His investigations resulted in
this book. Pullicino, however, was not a critic. He had nothing bad to say
about Martin. He found all of his attributes—even tempered, able to deal
harmoniously with avaricious tribal chiefs and racist superiors—to be
admirable. In fact, Pullicino had little bad to say about anything. He always
put an understanding and positive spin on people, circumstances and events. Given
the reality of times, that gets to be a bit tedious. Also, Pullicino’s memory
of geography is suspect. He moves some tribes (Kikuyu in southern Sudan?),
flamingoes (Lake Naivasha?) and towns (Mumias at the base of Mt. Elgon?)
around, but I forgive him those lapses. More irritating was the obvious Obama
hook that M.J. added. Most readers will recognize that for what it is, but as
an author myself—if that helped sales, okay.
This book
is an easy read and it does educate readers about James Martin, an overlooked,
but important figure in the opening of Kenya and Uganda to the wider world.